It is a severe form of malnutrition caused by inadequate intake of protein and calories, and it usually occurs in the first year of life, resulting in wasting and growth retardation. We describe a kwashiorkor case in an infant with severe eczema exclusively fed with rice milk. Marasmus patients suffer from a peeling and alternately pigmented skin. M, lakilaki, usia 5 tahun, dengan gizi buruk tipe marasmus dengan tuberkulosa paru. P em or proteinenergy malnutrition is a macronutrient deficiency rather than micronutrient deficiency. While the marasmus occurs due to energy deficiency, kwashiorkor is attributed to protein deficiency, the two being most common in children. Cases in the developed world are rare jamaican pediatrician cicely williams. What sanitary measures should be taken to prevent pem. Kwashiorkor kebayakan menyerang anak dibawah lima tahun ba. Definisi kwashiorkor adalah satu bentuk malnutrisi yang disebabkan oleh defisiensi protein yang berat bisa dengan konsumsi energi dan kalori tubuh yang tidak mencukupi kebutuhan. Marasmus the term marasmus is derived from the greek word marasmos, which means withering or wasting. Created using powtoon free sign up at create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Characterisation of sam patients by baseline clinical profile n346 variable n % age months 612 112 33.
Nov 21, 2016 created using powtoon free sign up at create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Marasmus leads to a more extensive impairment of biological functions when compared to kwashiorkor. Signs of marasmus include thinness and loss of fat and muscle without any tissue swelling. The other 2 forms are kwashiorkor kw and marasmic kw. In these cases, management is divided into an initial intensive phase followed by a consolidation phase rehabilitation, preparing for outpatient followup. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Mendiagnosis marasmus dan kwashiorkor tahap awal adalah dengan temuan pada pemeriksaan fisik, yaitu pengukuran berat dan tinggi badan. Kep berat terdiri dari tiga tipe, yaitu kwashiorkor, marasmus, dan marasmikkwashiorkor.
Kwashiorkor dan marasmus dapat terjadi pada usia berapa pun, tapi paling umum terjadi pada anakanak. Marasmus is a type of malnutrition primarily caused by a deficiency in calories and energy. Keywords malnutrition, kwashiorkor, marasmus, food items. Dec 26, 2018 kwashiorkor is one of the most common nutritional disorders, which are found in the third world countries. Kwashiorkor cases occur in areas of famine or poor food supply. Kwashiorkor typically affects children in the early stages after weaning. Kwashior and marasmus ppt dehydration malnutrition. Jul 20, 2011 in marasmus the skin of the child also becomes thin and wrinkled and loses elasticity, while in kwashiorkor lesions are visible. There are many important differences between kwashiorkor and marasmus including protein calorie malnutrition, lymphopenia, a typical appearance, etc. Marasmus is usually handled by adding b vitamins and nutrition in general by marasmus patients are suffering from flaking and alternating colors of skin. The treatment and management of severe proteinenergy malnutrition. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.
It can occur in anyone with severe malnutrition but usually occurs in children. Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor all medical. Marasmus is usually treated by adding vitamin b and following a nutritious diet in general.
It is well documented that rice milk is not a sufficient protein source. In short a child with marasmus will look emaciated, while a child with kwashiorkor will look bloated. Kwashiorkor patients are characterized by a distended stomach, burns on the skin and diarrhea. Marasmus involves inadequate intake of protein and calories, whereas a child with kwashiorkor has fairtonormal calorie intake with inadequate protein intake. Kwashiorkor is a form of proteinenergy malnutrition pem that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet. Itulah perbedaan marasmus dan kwashiorkor dari gejalanya. Marasmus is a form of severe proteinenergy malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency and emaciation. Sorry, you need the flash player to view these lessons.
Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 810k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Kwashiorkor vs marasmus pediatric high yield topic duration. Inadequate dietary intake of protein and energy rich diet due to poverty or. The two terms do differ with respect to their definition, clinical symptoms, sings, biochemical change. Doctors lead to pem diagnosis based on signs and symptoms, that are usually easy to observe, although laboratory diagnosis is always useful for workup. Marasmus severe protein energy malnutrition in children usually leads to marasmus, with a weight less than 60% of the mean for the age, and a wasted, wizened appearance without edema.
Additionally, the lymphocytes are less than 1500microliter, and there is anergy, or lack of. Marasmus, or wasting, is a form of severe malnutrition that results from a lack of protein and calories. Kwashiorkor adalah keadaan yang diakibatkan oleh kekurangan. Children with marasmus, marasmic kwashiorkor, and kwashiorkor all have severe pem. There is a severe deficiency of nearly all nutrients, especially protein, carbohydrates, and lipids.
Marasmus affects kids because of a lack of nutritional elements in the diet. Dec 09, 2012 marasmus definition marasmus is a form of severe pem occur as result from a negative energy balance that may occur at any age, particularly in early infancy and is characterized by. Differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor all medical stuff. It is caused by sufficient calorie intake, but with insufficient protein consumption, which distinguishes it from marasmus. Proteinenergy malnutrition elsa xxx dcem1 toulouse purpan medical school 230309. The world health organization who estimates that deaths. Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18 months.
Kwashiorkor patients have burning skin and diarrhea. It is a type of malnutrition which is caused when an individual is unable to get enough proteins in the body through food. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Angka kemiskinan, kesulitan memperoleh asupan makanan bergizi, dan tidak diberikan asi, merupakan beberapa faktor yang turut berperan dalam terjadinya. May 14, 2020 one major difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus is that kwashiorkor can occur rapidly, while marasmus is usually the result of a gradual process.
Kwashiorkor is one of the most common nutritional disorders, which are found in the third world countries. Causes, symptoms, and treatment medical news today. Download premium images you cant get anywhere else. In marasmus, muscle wasting is obvious with severe loss of subcutaneous fat. Kwashiorkor definition of kwashiorkor by medical dictionary. Fadia dan dian manajemen anak gizi buruk tipe marasmus. Combine homeopathy with diet and nutrition of marasmus or kawshiorkor and get the ultimate treatment for your ailment. It occurs due to deficiency of proteins, carbohydrates and fats in the diet. So, these were the few major differences between marasmus and kwashiorkor. Marasmic child may develop edema called marasmickwashiorkor. Marasmus is a form of pem which is characterized by muscle wasting and shrunken appearance of the child. Severe wasting body weight is less than 60% of the expected, the body utilizes all fat stores before using muscles.
Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein malnutrition characterized by edema and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates. Marasmus is one of the 3 forms of serious proteinenergy malnutrition pem. Hair is sparse, thin, and dry easily pulled out skin is dry, thin, and wrinkled. Kwashiorkor is the edematous form of proteinenergy malnutrition and is distinguished from marasmus by the presence of edema, hypoalbuminemia, and dermatosis. Marasmus is another type of malnutrition that can affect young children in regions of the world where theres an unstable food supply.
Find highquality kwashiorkor stock photos and editorial news pictures from getty images. Using historical, longitudinal study data from the rural area of bwamanda, democratic republic of congo, we investigated the potential causal association between diet and the development of kwashiorkor in 5 657 preschool children followed 3monthly during 15 months. Malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus symptoms and treatment. Older infants and young children years kwashiorkor develops. Kwashiorkor affect kids who do not get enough protein in their diet.
Kwashior and marasmus ppt dehydration malnutrition free. It is actually a combination of two pediatric diseases very commonly encountered, kwashiorkor and marasmus. Marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. Jul 22, 2016 marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. May 09, 2016 marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition. Most of the child mortality occurs in severe acute malnutrition sam which includes marasmus if it is not address properly. Terdapat tiga tipe gizi buruk atau kekurangan energi protein kep yaitu kwashiorkor, marasmus dan marasmus. Status gizi anak balita diukur berdasarkan umur u, berat badan bb dan tinggi. Body weight is reduced to less than 62% of the normal expected body weight for the age.
Golden and others published marasmus and kwashiorkor. Malnutrition kwashiorkor and marasmus symptoms and. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Kwashior and marasmus ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Kwashiorkor atau busung lapar adalah salah satu bentuk sindroma dari gangguan yang dikenali sebagai malnutrisi energi protein mep dengan beberapa karakteristik berupa edema dan kegagalan pertumbuhan, depigmentasi. Like kwashiorkor, marasmus is caused by a lack of the right types of nutrients. The distinction between the 2 forms of pem is based on the presence kwashiorkor or absence marasmus of edema. Kwashiorkor and marasmus differ in laboratory findings. It is decreased or normal in kwashiorkor while increased in marasmus. Oct 04, 2016 management of moderate marasmus can be performed on an outpatient basis, but severe marasmus or marasmus complicated by a lifethreatening condition generally requires inpatient treatment. Severe wasting body weight is less than 60% of the expected, the.
Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by energy deficiency. Although several cases of severe hypoalbuminemia resulting from rice milk have been described in the past, today the use of rice milk without nutritional counseling to treat eczema is still a continuing, poor practice. Urban slums and shantytowns of developing countries. Marasmic kwashiorkor article about marasmic kwashiorkor. Weight skinfold serum amino hydroxy blood plasma kg. It can occur in anyone who has severe malnutrition, but it usually occurs in children.
Kwashiorkor dan marasmus, malanutrisi yang mengancam nyawa. Kwashiorkor dan marasmus adalah dua bentuk malnutrisi yang sering terjadi pada anakanak di negara berkembang. It sounds like you have a nutrition exam or assignment youre working on. Primarily caused by energy deficiency, marasmus is characterized by stunted growth and wasting of muscle and tissue. Perbedaan marasmus, kwashiorkor, dan marasmikkwashiorkor. Some children with acute proteinenergy malnutrition develop oedema. Difference between marasmus and kwashiorkor compare the. Kwashiorkor often manifests in an affected person as a wellnourished appearance, but marasmus manifests as a starved appearance. Kep merupakan keadaan yang disebabkan oleh rendahnya konsumsi energi dan protein dalam makanan seharihari atau disebabkan oleh gangguan penyakit tertentu, sehingga tidak memenuhi angka kecukupan gizi. Marasmus accounts for a large burden on global health.
Both marasmus and kwashiorkor are most commonly observed in third world countries where access to food is scarce. Protein is required by the body to produce new cells and repair any damaged cells. Faminestricken regions urban slums and shantytowns of developing countries. Inadequate protein intake or, more commonly, infections. Difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus difference. Kep kep kurang energi protein repository poltekkes. Marasmus affects children due to lack of nutritional factors in the diet. What is the difference between kwashiorkor and marasmus. The condition is characterized by apathy impaired growth, skin ulcers, swollen hands and feet and an enlarged liver. Marasmus is one component of proteinenergy malnutrition pem, the other being kwashiorkor.
May 27, 20 kwashiorkor vs marasmus pediatric high yield topic duration. Marasmus disebabkan oleh kekurangan energi atau kalori karena asupan makan yang kurang, sedangkan kwashiorkor disebabkan oleh asupan protein yang kurang, meskipun sudah cukup makan sumber kalori yang lain, misalnya hanya makan nasi dan ubi tanpa lauk ataupun zat gizi lain yang mengandung protein. The symptoms of marasmus are physical weakness, flabby body, elevated ribs, depressed eyes, dry skin etc. Doctor answers on symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and more. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 919k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Di indonesia, masalah gizi tersebut masih ditemukan pada anakanak berusia di bawah 3 tahun. Marasmus definition marasmus is a form of severe pem occur as result from a negative energy balance that may occur at any age, particularly in early infancy and is characterized by. The etiology of kwashiorkor remains enigmatic and longitudinal studies examining potential causes of kwashiorkor are scarce. Its more common in developing nations, but it can occur anywhere. Spoelstra mn, mari a, mendel m, senga e, van rheenen p, van dijk th, et al.